12 Years a Slave by Solomon Northup is a memoir of a black man who was born free in New York state but kidnapped, sold into slavery and kept in bondage for 12 years in Louisiana before the American Civil War. Northup's first-hand account of his twelve years of bondage proved a bombshell in the national political debate over slavery leading up to the Civil War, drawing endorsements from major Northern newspapers, antislavery organizations, and evangelical groups.